Enterprise graph platforms compared
Graph platforms sold and supported as major vendor products.
22 active enterprise graph platforms are in the catalogue. They are written mostly in C++ and Go, 4 are open source, and 13 carry survey feature scores. Graph Engine, ByteGraph, Teradata Aster are no longer active and listed separately below.
| Attribute | ArangoDB | Dgraph | Memgraph | OrientDB | Neptune | Stardog |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At a glance | ||||||
| Rank | #2 | #3 | #4 | #12 | #14 | #23 |
| Score | 76.7 | 73.6 | 70.8 | 62.0 | 61.1 | 55.7 |
| GitHub stars | 14.3k | 21.8k | 4.6k | 5k | — | — |
| Popularity | 89.4 | 82.0 | 72.8 | 82.9 | 61.0 | 53.2 |
| Activity | 73.9 | 70.1 | 80.9 | 60.7 | 60.9 | 63.1 |
| Community | 61.2 | 73.5 | 61.0 | 35.4 | 61.8 | 52.9 |
| Research | 82.8 | 64.3 | 62.6 | 67.6 | 60.4 | 50.2 |
| Fundamentals | ||||||
| Description | A multi-model database supporting graphs, key-value pairs, and documents in a unified JSON-based data model. Offers both an in-memory storage engine and a RocksDB-based engine for larger datasets. | A distributed graph database with horizontal scaling and ACID transactions. Uses its own query language (DQL) derived from GraphQL, with automatic shard rebalancing across cluster nodes. | An in-memory property graph database with ACID transactions and strong consistency. Includes the MAGE library of graph algorithms and supports real-time streaming ingestion. | A distributed multi-model database combining graph and document models with TinkerPop support. Features sharding for horizontal scaling and ACID transactions. | A fully managed graph database service from AWS supporting both property graph and RDF models. Available as Neptune Database (for transactional workloads) and Neptune Analytics (for analytical queries). | An RDF-based knowledge graph database with OWL 2 reasoning and property graph extensions. Includes Voicebox, an OpenAI-compatible natural language query interface via LLM integration. |
| Vendor | ArangoDB Inc | Istari | Memgraph | OrientDB Community | Amazon Web Services | Stardog Union |
| Model | Multiple | Property Graph | Property Graph | Multiple | Multiple | RDF |
| Kind | database | database | database | database | database | database |
| Category | Enterprise | Enterprise | Enterprise | Enterprise | Enterprise | Enterprise |
| First released | 2012-03 | 2015-12 | 2020-05 | 2010 | 2017-11 | 2011 |
| Status | active | active | active | active | active | active |
| License | BUSL-1.1 | Apache-2.0 | BUSL-1.1 | Apache-2.0 | Proprietary | Proprietary |
| Written in | C++ | Go | C++ | Java | C++ | Java |
| Query languages | AQL | DQL, GraphQL | openCypher | SQL, Gremlin | Gremlin, SPARQL, openCypher | SPARQL, SQL, GraphQL |
| gdotv support | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes |
Feature scores 35 of 46 rows differ
| Feature | ArangoDB | Dgraph | Memgraph | OrientDB | Neptune | Stardog |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Community & Business | ||||||
| Active development | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 0.5 |
| Commercial support | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Live community | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ |
| Open Source | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ | · | · |
| Pricing | · | · | · | · | ✓ | · |
| Trendiness | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ✓ | ✓ |
| Deployment | ||||||
| Containerization | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ |
| Work as dedicated instance | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Work as embedded | · | · | · | ✓ | · | · |
| Testing in-memory version | ✓ | ✓ | 0.75 | ✓ | · | · |
| Platform | ||||||
| Operating on Linux | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Operating on Windows | ✓ | ✓ | 0.5 | ✓ | · | · |
| SaaS offering | · | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ |
| Operations | ||||||
| Automatic updates | · | · | · | · | ✓ | · |
| Client side caching | · | · | · | · | ✓ | · |
| Data versioning support | · | · | · | · | · | · |
| Live backups | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Distribution | ||||||
| Cluster Re-balancing | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · | · | · |
| Data Distribution | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · | · |
| High-Availability | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Query Distribution | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 0.5 | 0.5 | ✓ |
| Replication support | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Developer Experience | ||||||
| Data types defined | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Logging/Auditing | ✓ | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Object-Graph Mapper | ✓ | · | ✓ | · | · | · |
| Reactive programming | · | · | · | · | ✓ | ✓ |
| Documentation up-to-date | ✓ | 0.5 | 0.75 | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ |
| Binary protocol | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · |
| CLI | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| GUI | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Data Model | ||||||
| Multi-database | ✓ | · | · | ✓ | · | ✓ |
| Graph-native data | · | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ | · |
| REST API | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Query Language | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Transactions | ||||||
| Granular locking | · | · | · | · | ✓ | ✓ |
| Multiple isolation levels | · | · | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Read committed transaction | · | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · |
| Transaction support | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Schema & Security | ||||||
| Constraints | ✓ | · | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ |
| Schema support | 0.5 | ✓ | 0.75 | ✓ | 0.5 | ✓ |
| Secondary indexes | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Server side procedures | 0.5 | · | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ |
| Triggers | · | · | ✓ | ✓ | · | · |
| Authentication | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Authorization | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Data encryption | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | · |
All 22 engines
| Name | Vendor | Model | Category | GitHub stars | License | Written in | Query languages | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cosmos DB | Microsoft | Multiple | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | Gremlin, SQL | #29 |
| Google Cloud Spanner Graph | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | GQL, SQL/PGQ | #33 | |
| MarkLogic | Progress Software | Multiple | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | SPARQL, XQuery, SQL | #37 |
| Oracle Graph | Oracle | Multiple | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | Java | SQL/PGQ, PGQL, SPARQL | #38 |
| SAP Hana | SAP | Multiple | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | SQL, openCypher, GraphScript | #42 |
| Virtuoso | OpenLink Software | Multiple | Enterprise | 974 | GPL-2.0 | C | SQL, SPARQL | #43 |
| Aerospike Graph | Aerospike | Property Graph | Enterprise | 1.4k | Apache-2.0 | Java | Gremlin | #46 |
| RDFox | Samsung | RDF | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | SPARQL | #60 |
| Google Cloud BigQuery Graph | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | GQL, SQL/PGQ | #65 | |
| Ontotext GraphDB | Graphwise | RDF | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | Java | SPARQL | #68 |
| Rapidminer Graph Lakehouse | Siemens | RDF | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | SPARQL, openCypher | #88 |
| GraphBase | FactNexus | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | — | GraphQL | #90 |
| Microsoft Fabric Graph | Microsoft | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | — | GQL | #98 |
| Microsoft SQL Server Graph | Microsoft | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | — | SQL | #106 |
| Alibaba GDB | Alibaba Cloud | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | — | — | #120 |
| Huawei Graph Engine Service | Huawei Cloud | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | Gremlin, openCypher | — |
No longer active
- Graph Engine — Microsoft Research project. Limited recent activity.
- ByteGraph — ByteDance internal system. Not publicly available.
- Teradata Aster — Last standalone release was Aster 7 in 2016; its engines were folded into Teradata Vantage in 2018.
- Cray Graph Engine — Discontinued after HPE acquired Cray in 2019. Product was not carried forward.
- InfiniteGraph — Objectivity Inc ceased operations in late 2023.
- IBM System G — IBM discontinued System G. No longer available.
- Objectivity/DB — Objectivity Inc ceased operations in late 2023.