Enterprise graph platforms compared
Graph platforms sold and supported as major vendor products.
22 active enterprise graph platforms are in the catalogue. They are written mostly in C++ and Go, 4 are open source, and 13 carry survey feature scores. Graph Engine, Teradata Aster, ByteGraph are no longer active and listed separately below.
| Attribute | ArangoDB | Memgraph | Dgraph | OrientDB | Cosmos DB | Neptune |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At a glance | ||||||
| Rank | #2 | #3 | #4 | #8 | #13 | #15 |
| Score | 69.9 | 67.1 | 65.4 | 60.1 | 56.5 | 54.9 |
| GitHub stars | 14.3k | 4.6k | 21.8k | 5k | — | — |
| Popularity | 89.2 | 70.7 | 81.0 | 81.5 | 49.5 | 58.0 |
| Activity | 71.1 | 82.3 | 66.7 | 55.9 | 49.3 | 60.1 |
| Community | 42.5 | 58.7 | 45.2 | 39.4 | 58.2 | 50.9 |
| Research | 74.4 | 43.4 | — | 59.9 | 81.9 | 45.2 |
| Fundamentals | ||||||
| Description | A multi-model database supporting graphs, key-value pairs, and documents in a unified JSON-based data model, stored in a RocksDB-based engine. Since version 3.12 the server no longer runs graph algorithms itself (the Pregel system was removed); they run in separate Graph Analytics Engines on the Arango platform. | An in-memory property graph database with ACID transactions and strong consistency. Includes the MAGE library of graph algorithms and supports real-time streaming ingestion. | A distributed graph database with horizontal scaling and ACID transactions. Uses its own query language (DQL) derived from GraphQL, with automatic shard rebalancing across cluster nodes. | A distributed multi-model database combining graph and document models with TinkerPop support. Features sharding for horizontal scaling and ACID transactions. | A globally distributed multi-model database service on Microsoft Azure with property graph support through the Apache Gremlin API. Offers multi-region replication and multiple consistency models. | A fully managed graph database service from AWS supporting both property graph and RDF models. Available as Neptune Database (for transactional workloads) and Neptune Analytics (for analytical queries). |
| Vendor | ArangoDB Inc | Memgraph | Istari | OrientDB Community | Microsoft | Amazon Web Services |
| Model | Multiple | Property Graph | Property Graph | Multiple | Multiple | Multiple |
| Kind | database | database | database | database | database | database |
| Category | Enterprise | Enterprise | Enterprise | Enterprise | Enterprise | Enterprise |
| First released | 2012-03 | 2020-05 | 2015-12 | 2010 | 2014-08 | 2017-11 |
| Status | active | active | active | active | active | active |
| License | BUSL-1.1 | BUSL-1.1 | Apache-2.0 | Apache-2.0 | Proprietary | Proprietary |
| Written in | C++ | C++ | Go | Java | C++ | C++ |
| Query languages | AQL | openCypher | DQL, GraphQL | SQL, Gremlin | Gremlin, SQL | Gremlin, SPARQL, openCypher |
| gdotv support | no | yes | yes | no | yes | yes |
Feature scores 36 of 46 rows differ
| Feature | ArangoDB | Memgraph | Dgraph | OrientDB | Cosmos DB | Neptune |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Community & Business | ||||||
| Active development | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Commercial support | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Live community | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ✓ |
| Open Source | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | · | · |
| Pricing | · | · | · | · | ✓ | ✓ |
| Trendiness | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ✓ | ✓ |
| Deployment | ||||||
| Containerization | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 0.5 | · |
| Work as dedicated instance | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Work as embedded | · | · | · | ✓ | · | · |
| Testing in-memory version | · | 0.75 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · |
| Platform | ||||||
| Operating on Linux | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ |
| Operating on Windows | 0.5 | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · |
| SaaS offering | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ |
| Operations | ||||||
| Automatic updates | · | · | · | · | ✓ | ✓ |
| Client side caching | · | · | · | · | · | ✓ |
| Data versioning support | · | · | · | · | · | · |
| Live backups | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Distribution | ||||||
| Cluster Re-balancing | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · | 0.5 | · |
| Data Distribution | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · |
| High-Availability | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Query Distribution | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 0.5 | ✓ | 0.5 |
| Replication support | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Developer Experience | ||||||
| Data types defined | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | · | 0.5 |
| Logging/Auditing | ✓ | ✓ | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Object-Graph Mapper | ✓ | ✓ | · | · | ✓ | · |
| Reactive programming | · | · | · | · | ✓ | ✓ |
| Documentation up-to-date | ✓ | 0.75 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ |
| Binary protocol | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ |
| CLI | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| GUI | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Data Model | ||||||
| Multi-database | ✓ | · | · | ✓ | ✓ | · |
| Graph-native data | · | ✓ | ✓ | · | · | ✓ |
| REST API | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Query Language | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Transactions | ||||||
| Granular locking | · | · | · | · | · | ✓ |
| Multiple isolation levels | · | · | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Read committed transaction | · | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Transaction support | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 0.5 | ✓ |
| Schema & Security | ||||||
| Constraints | ✓ | ✓ | · | · | · | ✓ |
| Schema support | 0.5 | 0.75 | ✓ | ✓ | · | 0.5 |
| Secondary indexes | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Server side procedures | 0.5 | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | · |
| Triggers | · | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | · |
| Authentication | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Authorization | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Data encryption | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
All 22 engines
| Name | Vendor | Model | Category | GitHub stars | License | Written in | Query languages | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stardog | Stardog Union | RDF | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | Java | SPARQL, SQL, GraphQL | #35 |
| MarkLogic | Progress Software | Multiple | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | SPARQL, XQuery, SQL | #36 |
| SAP Hana | SAP | Multiple | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | SQL, openCypher, GraphScript | #39 |
| Virtuoso | OpenLink Software | Multiple | Enterprise | 977 | GPL-2.0 | C | SQL, SPARQL | #42 |
| Google Cloud Spanner Graph | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | GQL, SQL/PGQ | #45 | |
| Google Cloud BigQuery Graph | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | GQL, SQL/PGQ | #48 | |
| RDFox | Samsung | RDF | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | SPARQL | #50 |
| Ontotext GraphDB | Graphwise | RDF | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | Java | SPARQL | #56 |
| Oracle Graph | Oracle | Multiple | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | Java | SQL/PGQ, PGQL, SPARQL | #57 |
| Aerospike Graph | Aerospike | Property Graph | Enterprise | 1.4k | Apache-2.0 | Java | Gremlin | #59 |
| Rapidminer Graph Lakehouse | Siemens | RDF | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | SPARQL, openCypher | #93 |
| GraphBase | FactNexus | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | — | GraphQL | #95 |
| Microsoft Fabric Graph | Microsoft | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | — | GQL | #103 |
| Microsoft SQL Server Graph | Microsoft | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | — | SQL | #126 |
| Alibaba GDB | Alibaba Cloud | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | — | — | #157 |
| Huawei Graph Engine Service | Huawei Cloud | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | Gremlin, openCypher | — |
No longer active
- Graph Engine — Microsoft Research project. Limited recent activity.
- Teradata Aster — Last standalone release was Aster 7 in 2016; its engines were folded into Teradata Vantage in 2018.
- ByteGraph — ByteDance internal system. Not publicly available.
- Cray Graph Engine — Discontinued after HPE acquired Cray in 2019. Product was not carried forward.
- InfiniteGraph — Objectivity Inc ceased operations in late 2023.
- IBM System G — IBM discontinued System G. No longer available.
- Objectivity/DB — Objectivity Inc ceased operations in late 2023.