Details
Lineage
- Oracle Graph: renamed from Oracle Spatial and Graph.
The go-to resource for graph technology details
Oracle's graph database capabilities within Oracle Database, supporting both property graphs (SQL/PGQ and PGQL) and RDF/SPARQL. Includes in-memory graph analytics with 60+ built-in algorithms.
Protocols JDBC/ODBC, HTTP/REST, SPARQL Protocol
PGX JDBC driver and SQL/PGQ-over-JDBC cover JDBC/ODBC; the PGX Graph Server REST API and ORDS network/model-management endpoints are a genuine non-SPARQL REST API; the ORDS RDF Graph sparql/1.1 endpoints explicitly implement SPARQL 1.1 Protocol (linked to the W3C spec), so pass_A's inclusion of SPARQL Protocol is correct and pass_B's omission of it is wrong.
Starting from Graph Server and Client Release 24.1.0, you can use the PGX JDBC driver to access a PGX session and query graphs that are loaded in to the graph server (PGX).Executing PGQL Queries Using the PGX JDBC Driver · reviewed 2026-08-02
Get the list of all graphs that belong to a user.Graph Server REST API Version 1 · reviewed 2026-08-02
Executes a SPARQL query and returns the result in JSON format (application/sparql-results+json) or XML format (application/sparql-results+xml) for SPARQL SELECT and ASK queriesOracle REST Data Services API - Execute a SPARQL query · reviewed 2026-08-02
License Proprietary
Confirms the current value. Graph features ship inside Oracle Database under Oracle's commercial database license (no extra-cost option since Dec 2019, but still requires a licensed Oracle Database edition).
Property Graph and RDF Graph Technologies (RDF/OWL) no longer requires an extra cost license. See Oracle Database Insider blog post for more information.Database Licensing Information User Manual · reviewed 2026-08-02
Released 2005
Confirms the current value. Oracle's own team traces "Oracle Graph" to the RDF Knowledge Graph feature first shipped in Oracle Database 10g Release 2.
First release of RDF Knowledge Graph was Oracle 10g R2 (2005)What's New with Oracle Spatial and Graph · reviewed 2026-08-02
Language Java
Confirms the current value with a caveat: Oracle Graph is split. The RDF/property-graph storage lives inside the C-based Oracle Database kernel, but the headline graph analytics engine (PGX, Parallel Graph AnalytiX) that Oracle Graph leads with is written in Java, with a C++ distributed runtime variant.
PGX was an official Database add-on, and because the database is officially released for Windows they had to release PGX for Windows as well. PGX is written in JavaProperty Graph release 20.1.0: a new packaging · reviewed 2026-08-02