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Oracle Graph

Oracle's graph database capabilities within Oracle Database, supporting both property graphs (SQL/PGQ and PGQL) and RDF/SPARQL. Includes in-memory graph analytics with 60+ built-in algorithms.

Overall rank
#38
First released
2005
License
Proprietary
Built with
Java

Details

Vendor
Oracle
Previous names
Oracle Spatial and Graph
Type
Multiple
Category
Enterprise
License
Proprietary
Language
Java
Query Languages
SQL/PGQPGQLSPARQL
Protocols
HTTP/RESTSPARQL ProtocolJDBC/ODBC

Lineage

Oracle Spatial andGraph2005Oracle Graph
  • Oracle Graph: renamed from Oracle Spatial and Graph.

Feature scores

Community & Business

Active development
✓
Updated within last 3 months
Commercial support
✓
Paid support available
Live community
50%
25-50% of issues addressed
Open Source
0%
Closed source
Pricing
✓
Pricing publicly available
Trendiness
✓
Growing or stable trend

Deployment

Containerization
50%
No description available
Work as dedicated instance
✓
Can run as standalone server
Work as embedded
0%
Standalone only
Testing in-memory version
0%
No in-memory option

Platform

Operating on Linux
✓
Linux officially supported
Operating on Windows
✓
Windows officially supported
SaaS offering
✓
Cloud service available

Operations

Automatic updates
✓
Automatic updates supported
Client side caching
✓
Client-side cache available
Data versioning support
✓
Version control for data
Live backups
✓
Hot backup supported

Distribution

Cluster Re-balancing
50%
No description available
Data Distribution
✓
Data sharding supported
High-Availability
✓
HA mechanisms available
Query Distribution
✓
Distributed query execution
Replication support
✓
Replication available

Developer Experience

Data types defined
50%
Basic data types only
Logging/Auditing
✓
Event logging supported
Object-Graph Mapper
✓
OGM/ORM available
Reactive programming
✓
Reactive streams supported
Documentation up-to-date
✓
Docs current with latest version
Binary protocol
✓
Binary protocol available
CLI
✓
Command-line interface
GUI
✓
Visual interface available

Data Model

Multi-database
✓
Multi-model database
Graph-native data
✓
Native graph storage
REST API
✓
REST endpoint available
Query Language
✓
Standard query language (Cypher/Gremlin)

Transactions

Granular locking
✓
Object-level locking
Multiple isolation levels
✓
Multiple isolation levels
Read committed transaction
✓
Read committed available
Transaction support
✓
ACID transactions

Schema & Security

Constraints
✓
Full constraint support
Schema support
✓
Schema definition tools
Secondary indexes
✓
Secondary indexes supported
Server side procedures
50%
No description available
Triggers
✓
Event triggers supported
Authentication
✓
Authentication supported
Authorization
✓
Role-based access control
Data encryption
✓
Data encryption supported
Sources 6 references

Protocols JDBC/ODBC, HTTP/REST, SPARQL Protocol

PGX JDBC driver and SQL/PGQ-over-JDBC cover JDBC/ODBC; the PGX Graph Server REST API and ORDS network/model-management endpoints are a genuine non-SPARQL REST API; the ORDS RDF Graph sparql/1.1 endpoints explicitly implement SPARQL 1.1 Protocol (linked to the W3C spec), so pass_A's inclusion of SPARQL Protocol is correct and pass_B's omission of it is wrong.

License Proprietary

Confirms the current value. Graph features ship inside Oracle Database under Oracle's commercial database license (no extra-cost option since Dec 2019, but still requires a licensed Oracle Database edition).

  • Property Graph and RDF Graph Technologies (RDF/OWL) no longer requires an extra cost license. See Oracle Database Insider blog post for more information.
    Database Licensing Information User Manual · reviewed 2026-08-02

Released 2005

Confirms the current value. Oracle's own team traces "Oracle Graph" to the RDF Knowledge Graph feature first shipped in Oracle Database 10g Release 2.

Language Java

Confirms the current value with a caveat: Oracle Graph is split. The RDF/property-graph storage lives inside the C-based Oracle Database kernel, but the headline graph analytics engine (PGX, Parallel Graph AnalytiX) that Oracle Graph leads with is written in Java, with a C++ distributed runtime variant.

  • PGX was an official Database add-on, and because the database is officially released for Windows they had to release PGX for Windows as well. PGX is written in Java
    Property Graph release 20.1.0: a new packaging · reviewed 2026-08-02